Reflection Paper On Philosophy - 730 Words

Over these past semester of college, my optimism regarding philosophy and taking a philosophy course has drastically grown. I have always been enthusiastic towards philosophy and willing to take the course; however, it never really occurred to me how influential philosophy actually is. As a result of taking a philosophy class, I have had a plethora of epiphanies and realizations about myself and have had the opportunity to develop my own opinions and philosophical beliefs. In this paper I am going to discuss these opinions I have developed over various topics. The first topic up for discussion is the concept of logic. When writing this same paper back in September, my original definition of a logical thinker was someone who based all of†¦show more content†¦My faith has always been based on the idea that God’s existence is a truth I know deep within my heart that does not require facts or evidence. It wasn’t until I entered philosophy class that I actually started to try and defend my belief on God’s existence and put a name to the belief. After learning about the different theories on the existence of God, I have come to conclude that I can identify with both the ontological and contingency theories. The Ontological Argument states that God is omnipotent, omniscient, and omniprevalent and because of this, God exists necessarily. In this world of sin and hatred, it is comforting to know that an all knowing, all powerful, and especially all loving being exists to exhume the world from itself, and this is part o f the reason I believe in God. The omnipotent portion of this theory also helps lead into my belief of contingency as well. The universe and everything in it is contingent, which means nothing can create itself. Nothing in this world was the cause of its own existence, so there has to have been some type of master of creation to bring us into existence. In order to create the entire universe, this being has to have been all powerful and that is part of the very definition of how we know god as given by the ontological argument. So, to summarize, my belief on the existence of God is based on the onthogicalShow MoreRelatedReflection And Philosophy Paper On Ethics1284 Words   |  6 PagesReflection and Philosophy Paper Michael Odom Institution Affiliation â€Æ' Reflection and Philosophy Paper In my personal and professional life, I have found that I subscribe to Deontology for an ethical theory. However, I did not come to hold this belief through detailed introspection in a moral philosophy classroom. Rather, it was part of the values that were inculcated in me by my father throughout my childhood. In particular, he always insisted on the importance of thinking about my actions inRead MorePhilosophy Reflection Paper2173 Words   |  9 PagesPHIL 102 Introduction to Philosophy was the first philosophy class I have ever taken. Before this class I had no idea what the study of philosophy truly was, even after this class I am still a little unclear. This class brought on a whole new way of thinking that I was not use to. This class challenged me to grasp even the simplest of concepts that we learned. So right now to say I am philosophically inclined would be false, but I think over time and more classes I could have a better understandingRead MoreReflection Paper On Life Phi losophy1246 Words   |  5 PagesLife Philosophy Paper Introduction Who you are fuels who you are as a counselor, however, I recognize that I cannot let my own opinions, values, and beliefs cloud my care for others. Self-exploration and discovery should help to keep me from imposing my belief system upon those that I care for. The personal values and experiences I have developed over time will enable me to honestly empathize with many diverse cultural belief systems. I am not one to judge or jump to conclusions, instead I likeRead MoreReflection Paper On Educational Philosophy991 Words   |  4 Pages Jaiden G. Campbell Spring 2017 EDUC 2002 Orientation to Teaching Beginning Educational Philosophy Paper  The last, and I’ll admit first, twenty years of my life have given me at least a handful of experiences and reflection in developing the begining of my educational philosophy. For the last seventeen years I have been a student and as I observed my teachers and classmates I often thought to myself, â€Å" What would Ms. Campbell do?† When I think of â€Å"education† it reminds me building a homeRead MoreReflection Paper On Educational Philosophy1530 Words   |  7 PagesEducational philosophy varies person to person. I have the opportunity in my practicum to not only see one, but two educators with philosophies much different from my own. Now, understanding that one of these educators is in her final stages of her educator program, I will still refer to her as an educator in this instance. I feel she is making a big impact on these kids, weather good or bad is out of my hands, but she definitely makes the dynamics of the class room unique. Mr. Sam (teacher) andRead MorePersonal Philosophy Reflection Paper1388 Words   |  6 Pageshave parent workshops on positive discipline and promote parent community involvement and positive public relations. Building relationships and partnerships with the community are something that I need to work on and is one of my goals. 4. Civic Reflection I have learned that the school setting functions as a community, whether you are the parent, teacher, administrator, custodian or bus driver. Every person involved in the development of a child can help build their character and contribute toRead MorePersonal Philosophy Reflection Paper1203 Words   |  5 PagesFor the past six weeks, I learned how philosophy has influenced the world globally. Learning that when human beings voice their thoughts with others, they receive a chance to change the world, especially if one person speaks one on one, one personage can change the world of one body. My belief in the power of language is strengthened by philosophy. This philosophy course has encouraged me to share my opinions that are not influenced by other peers or older adults, but to deeply reflect and researchRead MoreMulticultural Philosophy Reflection Paper744 Words   |  3 Pagesteachers, we want our students to be open to learning new ideas, and as a teacher I will have that same eagerness that I want from my students. As a teacher, I am open to learning from my students and my peers, and incorporating new ideas into my philosophy of education. I am always open for change that will better me and the students that I will teach. My ultimate responsibility as a teacher is to educate, motivate, and inspire students to value learning for a lifetime. W.B. Yeats stated it perfectlyRead MorePersonal Cultural Reflection Philosophy Paper – Michael1148 Words   |  5 PagesPersonal Cultural Reflection Philosophy Paper – Michael Travis i. Introduction: ii. Exploration: I would describe myself as someone with a deep understanding of self, someone who can recognize and yield meaning from all of the life’s experiences, both the good and the bad. Viktor Frankl said, â€Å"if there is a meaning in life at all, then there must be a meaning in suffering.† From my experiences of personal and family tragedies, I know that suffering is part of life and is unavoidable, it is asRead MorePhilosophy Moral Foundations 154 : Reflection Paper Essay1809 Words   |  8 PagesPhilosophy Moral Foundations 154 Dr. Weislogel 12/2/16 Reflection Paper Solving and analyzing problems has been at the forefront of philosophical studies. They tend to solve problems no other artist can solve. Most people are able to solve a simple problem until it becomes a moral problem. A problem which has two perspectives often calls for a person to make sensible decisions. Their decision may determine not only their stance on ethics, but it also determines their ability to think clearly

Essay on White Collar Crime and Corporate Crime - 1509 Words

White Collar crime is not a crime unto it self, but instead a criteria that has to be met in order for a crime to be considered as White- Collar Crime; (Blount, 2002) hence the reason why Corporate Crime is also considered as White- Collar Crime. At the same time, White Collar Crime and Corporate Crime can be seen as distinct criminological categories, however, in order to reveal this, this essay will firstly be exploring Sutherlands definition of white collar crime and the perplexity with this definition of white-collar crime. It will then be looking at the modification which had to take place with Sutherlands definition of white-collar crime in order to established a distinction between white-collar and corporate crime.†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, criminal behaviour is learned, and when this behaviour is been taught, it entails techniques of committing the crime which at times can be complicated and other times quite simple; the specific direction of the motive s, drives, rationalisation and attitudes. (Newburn, 2013, pp. 394). Although this theory is rarely used when theorising white collar crime, it is nonetheless an important factor in many offending. For example, a study carried out by Geis of an electrical equipment company found that a lot of manufacture encouraged price fixing by their employee as a way of coping with market pressure. Geis pointed out that these activities was an established way of life where those that are involved learns attitudes and rationalisation that favour and support such misconduct. (Newburn, 2013). A second theory was given by Hirschi and Gottfredson, which is called the Self Control Theory. This theory focus on human nature and the significance of gratification. The central idea of this theory is that individuals peruse self interest and self gratification and the avoidance of pain. In regards to this theory crime is seen as a way in which individuals maximise pleasure and minimise pain. Furthe rmore, they argued that the differences that there are between those that chooses not to be involved in criminal activities and those that choose toShow MoreRelatedWhite Collar Crime And Corporate Crime1158 Words   |  5 PagesWhite-Collar Crime consists of occupational crime and corporate crime. Occupational crime refers to offences committed against legitimate institutions businesses or government by those with respectable social status. It includes the embezzlement of corporate funds, tax evasion, computer crime and expense-account fraud. It is not every day that we hear about white-collar crimes but these non-violent crimes are on the rise to the top. Federal Bureau of Investigation states that USA, for example recordedRead MoreHow Does the Criminal Justice System Respond to White Collar and Corporate Crime?2543 Words   |  11 PagesRESPOND TO WHITE COLLAR AND CORPORATE CRIME? White-collar crime poses a vexing problem for the criminal justice system (CJS). It is an enormously complex global issue that is growing rapidly and is a cross-border problem. White-collar crime is viewed differently in contrast to conventional crime as generally the public associate crime with street crimes such as robbery, burglary or homicide. Affluent and privileged persons who enjoy an elevated social status and who engage in crimes are rarelyRead MoreWhite collar and corporate crime548 Words   |  3 Pagesdoes white collar and corporate crime tend to go undetected, Or if detected not prosecuted White collar and corporate crimes are crimes that many people do not associate with criminal activity. Yet the cost to the country due to corporate and white collar crime far exceeds that of â€Å"street† crime and benefit fraud. White collar and corporate crimes refer to crimes that take place within a business or institution and include everything from Tax fraud to health and safety breaches. Corporate crimeRead MoreWhite Collar and Corporate Crime Pose for Explanations of Criminality1010 Words   |  4 PagesWhat Kinds of Problems do White Collar and Corporate Crime Pose for Explanations of Criminality Until relatively recently, the concept of the criminal was that of a person who, somehow disadvantaged and disenfranchised from society, decided to ignore societal laws and concentrate on increasing his personal worth at the expense of society. The idea of the criminal as the outsider became an accepted part of criminological theory, so much so that almost all modern theories of criminology focus onRead MoreThe Nature And Organization Of Corporate Environmental Crime961 Words   |  4 Pagesessay examines the nature and organisation of corporate environmental crime. Part II explores the offenders of corporate environmental crime. Part III determines the risk factors for corporate offending. Finally, Part IV analyses environmental regulations. I. NATURE AND ORGANISATION Corporate environmental crime constitutes an important part of white-collar crime. The notion ‘white collar crime’ was introduced by Edwin Sutherland and refers to a crime ‘committed by a person of respectability andRead MoreWhite Collar Crime : An Definition Of Occupational Deviance, And Workplace Crime1020 Words   |  5 Pagesdeviance because the term seems to be applied to activities drifted away from the original meaning of White Collar crime. It’s blended with the term conventional crime. Edwin Sutherland introduced the concept of white-collar crime in 1939. There were conceptual confusions with the term occupational crime, occupational deviance, and workplace crime because these terms are combined with white-collar crime. Friedrichs (2002) defined occupational deviances as â€Å"characterized as activity undertaken for one’sRead MoreEssay on An Explanation of Corporate Crime856 Words   |  4 PagesAn Explanation of Corporate Crime This analytical source review will analyse and detail the views and opinions of four different sources including: The sociology of corporate crime: an obituary, Corporate Crime, Corporate Crime at the tip of the iceberg and White Collar and Corporate Crime. The topic this review will be primarily concerned with is corporate crime, the topic will be examined and the notion of ignorance towards the subject will be addressed. HoweverRead MoreFinancial Aspects Of The Accounting Scandal1000 Words   |  4 Pagesresulted in profits instead of losses. However, when WorldCom stocks started to decline the CEO at the time of this scandal, Bernie Ebbers, sought to pursue revenue growth and with an autocratic corporate culture persisting within the company, practices such as this were able to happen. An autocratic corporate culture would incorporate aspects such as centralized power in a certain few and observes the company to make sure they follow protocol. Another factor that played a part in this scandal was theRead MoreExercise 3: White Collar Crime. In A Looking Glass Of A1448 Words   |  6 PagesExercise 3: White Collar Crime In a looking glass of a sociologist, we can see white collar crime in our everyday world. When it presents itself; the victims are left hurt and the rest in awe of their awful actions. White Collar Crime is defined as â€Å"White collar crime overlaps with corporate crime because the opportunity for fraud, bribery, insider trading, embezzlement, computer crime, and forgery is more available to white-collar employees.† stated by James Henslin. White Collar Crime can be seenRead MoreWhite Collar Crimes And Street Crimes1431 Words   |  6 PagesCrimes are one of the many things that all humans have in common. Whether it be a serious crime or not, everyone can commit a crime and go to jail for it. There are two types of crime that can be considered complete opposites of each other. They are white collar crimes and street crimes. White collar crimes are considered nonviolent crimes committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his/her occupation such as fraud, embezzlement, or bribery. On the other hand,

Computer Forensics and Its Application-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Discuss about the some technical details of how to approach an employee fraud. Please make task 1 around 500 words including all the required answers and problems and solution. 2.Investigate partition manager utilities. It should look like "task 2 table" image (attached). Answers: 1.The ABC Bank has decided to investigate any presence of employee base frauds. The network infrastructure of the bank is comprised of 15TB servers on the enterprise based LAN network. The administrator of the network is familiar with the storage of data and applications. List of tools to be used For addressing to the needs of the system, many tools and techniques are to be used which will help in solving the associated problems. The first tool is the profile and behavioral analysis. The bank needs to integrate profiling analytics in their general processing which can leverage peer data to provide sophisticated insights on the activities (Cavelty and Mauer 2016). This will reduce the possibility of employee fraud. The next tool that can be used is the integration of a dynamic dashboard for performance monitoring. The performance dashboard is used for monitoring the system and getting the analytics required. This will help in undertaking management decisions for each day. The third tool that can be used is the relationship mapping tool which helps in determining the behavior of an employee on the subject of their use of applications. This helps in alarming the system against any different employee behavior on the system. The last tools or techniques that can be implemented are the rule authorization on real time. In this case, the administrators are allowed to create rules on the system which can be modified based on the changes (Cavelty 2014). These helps in reducing the fraud attempts on the company by the employees associated Acquisition of data The acquisition of data can be processed by visiting the network administrators. As they are responsible for the successful storage of data, it can be acquired for analysis. Moreover, this paper will also be used to collect primary data from the employees for determining the present of any fraud attempts. This will be done by surveys or interviews. Strategies for administration It is required to strategically ask for data and analyze them. For this reason, the administrator will be sent a consent form which will list the various policies to be followed. This will help in gathering of the data without any problems being associated. Privacy issues The privacy issues of a bank are mainly in place for addressing the various security based requirement of the bank. The data that is collected must not be used for third party selling. Moreover, this information must be safeguarded and their use is not to be emphasized after the successful evaluation of the network administration (Ilyas 2015). The credentials collected from the data administrators, like the bank account details or the employee records are to be safeguarded so that it cannot be sold to other companies. The next privacy issue is that the Bank must be able to encrypt their information once their use is over. This will help in protecting their resources. Validation of data Validation of data is involved with cleansing of the associated data which will help in maintaining the quality of the data. The information that will be collected for analysis is to be validated by using software applications. There are various software which can be used for data validation.2. Name of the product OS supported File system supported Max partition size Command Line or GUI or both Cost 1. Paragon Partition Manager 4 (Windows 8. 7, Vista and XP) FAT, NTFS and Linux EXT 7 Both 39.95$ 2. Acronis Disk Director 3 (Windows 7, Vista and XP) FAT and NTFS 7 GUI 49.95$ 3. Spotmau Partition Genius Review 3 (Windows 7, Vista and XP) FAT, FAT32, NTFS 3 GUI 39.95$ Name of the product OS supported File system supported Max partition size Command Line or GUI or both Cost 1. Paragon Partition Manager 4 (Windows 8. 7, Vista and XP) FAT, NTFS and Linux EXT 7 Both 39.95$ 2. Acronis Disk Director 3 (Windows 7, Vista and XP) FAT and NTFS 7 GUI 49.95$ 3. Spotmau Partition Genius Review 3 (Windows 7, Vista and XP) FAT, FAT32, NTFS 3 GUI 39.95$ References Brangetto, P. and Aubyn, M.K.S., 2015. Economic aspects of national cyber security strategies.Brangetto P., Aubyn MK-S. Economic Aspects of National Cyber Security Strategies: project report. Annex,1, pp.9-16. Cavelty, M.D. and Mauer, V., 2016.Power and security in the information age: Investigating the role of the state in cyberspace. Routledge. Cavelty, M.D., 2014. Breaking the cyber-security dilemma: Aligning security needs and removing vulnerabilities.Science and Engineering Ethics,20(3), pp.701-715. Ilyas, M.M., 2015. Cyber security. Lee, J., Bagheri, B. and Jin, C., 2016. Introduction to cyber manufacturing.Manufacturing Letters,8, pp.11-15.

Teen Curfew free essay sample

Teen Curfew Teens must have a routine in order for proper behavior. Not every teen or adolescent agrees that curfews are necessary. However, curfews are a necessary part discipline and keep teens out of trouble; therefore, teen curfews are an effective way of keeping teens out of trouble. Teens need to have everyday routine schedule from the time they wake, throughout the school day, having a family dinner, right up to the time they go to bed. It is important for teens to have after school activities so that they are not bored. When teens have things planned and have commitments they are less likely to get into trouble. Establishing a routine and schedule should be at an early age. The younger the child the easier it will be to set time limits and curfews. Setting time limits when teens should be home every night is a great way to establish a routine Allowing a teenager, (who thinks they know everything), to stay out past midnight on a school night is not good way of helping them succeed in their studies during the day. We will write a custom essay sample on Teen Curfew or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Proper rest and good study habits are necessary for any child to perform well in school and in everyday activities. Time limits and curfews should be set to keep teens from roaming the streets. There is no good reason for children to be out unaccompanied late at night. Older children staying out late nights unsupervised promotes misconduct, and can result in being exposed to alcohol and drug abuse. In addition, other common behavior misconduct such as promiscuity, leading to teenage pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases and spreading communicable diseases. When kids have a set amount of time out of the house, they stay busy, but with no curfew, they get bored. Boredom leads to trouble . Making a curfew will help put a stop to these activities before they lead to these problems. The probabilities of teens getting into situations that can be dangerous occur more at night. For instance, violent crimes like fighting, stabbings, and shootings are committed late at night by minors who lack parental supervision. Statistics also state that home burglaries and auto theft are committed by teens, making the nighttime hours a better chance to elude authorities for the crimes they have committed. Curfews limit the chances of getting hurt or into unwanted trouble. For example driving home at eleven pm is usually much safer than driving home at two am, when the bars have closed and others are driving under the influence has increased. Therefore, we must enforce curfews to combat dangerous behavior in the late hours of the night, keeping our precious children safe. Growing up is a process. Following curfew is an important part of that process. Curfews are not just rules; they are a form of teaching responsibility to children of all ages. Curfews work simply because it gives a reckless teenager more structure in their lives so they can be better adults.

How The Rich Benefit From The Poor Essays - Corporate Law

How The Rich Benefit From The Poor Essays - Corporate Law How The Rich Benefit From The Poor How the Rich Benefit From the Poor The United States is the most developed capitalist economy in the world. The markets within the economy provide profit-motivated companies endless potential in the pursuance of pecuniary accumulation. Throughout the twentieth-century competitive companies have implemented modernized managerial procedures designed to raise profits by reducing unnecessary costs. These cost-saving procedures have had a substantial effect on society and particularly members of the working class. Managers and owners of these competitive and self-motivated companies have consistently worked throughout this century to exploit the most controllable component of the production process: the worker. The worker has been forced by the influence of powerful and affluent business owners to work in conditions hazardous to their well being in addition to preposterously menial compensation. It was the masterful manipulation of society and legislation through strategic objectives that the low-wage workers were coerced into this position of destitute. The strategies of the affluent fragment of society were conceived for the selfish purpose of monetary gain. The campaigns to augment the business position within the capitalist economy were designed to weaken organized labor, reduce corporate costs, gain legislative control and reduce international competition at the expense of the working class. The owners have gained and continue to gain considerable wealth from these strategies. To understand why the owners of the powerful companies operate in such a selfish manner, we must look at particular fundamentals of both capitalism and corporation strategy. Once these rudiments are understood, we will more clearly relate the perspective of the profit-seeking corporations of America. Legal discussion will also be included to show how the capital possessing elite operate through political parties to achieve their financial objectives. It is the synergist effect of these numerous strategies that have lead to the widening income gap in America, persistent attempts of contraction in workers rights and increased corporate political influence. These campaigns have come at an expense to Americans and will only continue to benefit the affluent society. Creating Corporate Value The United States is a capitalist economy. In a capitalist economy individuals who wish to gain wealth can invest their capital into markets in hopes of future returns. If this investment gains in value then the investor has earned a return, which can be reinvested. This creates a cycle of investing and reinvesting for potential future return. This wealth creating cycle is a fairly simple concept to understand, but wealthy individuals have learned to fabricate this cycle into different situations. A common form of investment is purchasing and selling of corporate stocks. The stock market works like all markets on the fundamental theory of supply and demand. The more demand for a stock the higher it is valued and conversely the less demand the less it is valued. Corporations are legal entities which issue stock to investors who purchase them and become shareholders of the company. The risk taken by investors is that when they buy stocks it is possible that the individual company will not do well, or that stock prices will generally weaken. At worst, it is possible to lose entire investments, but no more then that. Therefor, shareholders of a corporation are not responsible for corporate debts. So, a corporation would be a very attractive type of investment for potential investors to consider. Corporations compete against each other in markets in the United States and around the world. These corporations have employees who perform various functions that contribute to successful strategic goal completion. Corporations often will offer stock incentive plans strategically to employees in positions of importance. The enticement to employees is to work in a manner that will increase the value of the company and their shares of stock. These incentive plans were strategically developed by major shareholders because the corporate executives felt that people would be motivated to increase their own wealth. Most employees are motivated by money and will work harder when the chance is given for more money. The very nature of this strategy consolidates all the employees to act as one self-motivated entity in the pursuit of monetary accumulation. In Piven and Clowards Regulating the Poor, this point is illustrated: Capitalism, however, relies primarily upon the mechanisms

Understanding ACT Scores What Do They Mean

Understanding ACT Scores What Do They Mean SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips You took the ACT and got your score, but you don’t know how to interpret your ACT score. What does your ACT score measure? Is your score high or low? Will your score be enough to get you into your target schools? In this article, I'll answer all of these questions and more, so you can go toward understanding ACT scores. What Does the ACT Measure? The ACT was designed to measure your preparedness for college, though whether the ACT actually does sois highly debatable. There are many smart, successful people, who did not score high on the ACT. So what do ACT scores mean at all? Universities continue using the ACT because admissions officers think the SAT and the ACT are â€Å"equalizers.†While every applicant received a unique high school education and has a distinct background, all applicants took the ACT or SAT. For this reason, admissions officers use it to compare students. The purpose of an ACTscore is to get you into college; as such, you should understand your ACT score in terms of how it can help you do that. How Does Your ACT Score Match Up? ACT Score Range To understand our score, you need to know the range of possible ACT scores. The composite scores can range from 1 to 36. The composite score is simply the average of your four section scores, which are each graded separately from 1 to 36 (the Essay/Writing section is not counted towards your composite score because it's optional). The average ACT score in the US is usually around 21, but the exact number varies from year to year. While many students strive for the highest possible score, most students don't need a 36 to be accepted to their target school. What’s a Good Score for Your Target Schools? If you don't need a perfect 36, what score should you shoot for? To figure out what a â€Å"good† score is for your target schools, search â€Å"[College Name] ACT† in Google. That search should take you to the Freshman Admissions Profile. The exact name may vary between colleges, but on the page you should find either the 25th/75th percentile or the average ACT. (If you have trouble finding this info, PrepScholar also has admissions info pages for most schools- just search "[college name] Prepscholar ACT" to find it.) The 25th percentile ACT score means that 25% of admitted freshmen scored at or below that number (in other words, 75% of admitted applicants scored above). The 75th percentile ACT means that 75% of admitted freshmen scored at or below that number (or 25% of admits scored above). The average ACT is an average of all of the admits’ ACT scores. A good score is at or above the 75th percentile ACT score for that college. If you have that score in addition to a strong transcript and application, you have a great chance of being admitted. For colleges that only provide average ACT, I recommend aiming for a score 2 points higher than the average. That way you will have a score near the top 25% of admitted students. Why shouldyou aim for a higher score? I'm assuming you are a normal applicant. A special applicant would be a recruited athlete, legacy, child of a significant donor, or a unique talent like a world-class cellist. Colleges will accept students with these qualifications with lower ACT scores than normal applicants. It depends on the school, but those students can account for up to 25% of admits. If you're a normal applicant, you want a higher ACT score to make you stand out, so your target score should be the 75th percentile or above. For a more in-depth explanation of these concepts, check out What is a good ACT score? A bad ACT score? An excellent ACT score? Should You Retest? How Many Times? If you didn't reach your target score (the 75th percentile or higher for your target colleges), I would recommend retaking the ACT.However, don't take the ACT more than 6 times. It is unnecessary. If you have not reached your target score after 3 or 4 tests, then you aren't studying for the test properly. To achieve your goal, you need to have a dedicated study plan. Check out one of our guides for creating an ACT study plan for sophomores, juniors, and seniors. Other options you should consider: hire an ACT tutor, take an ACT class, or enroll in an online ACT prep program such as PrepScholar. Check out PrepScholar:Harvard grads and ACT full scorers created our program that figures out your strengths and weaknesses. Your ACT prep is then customized to target your weaknesses, so you get the best preparation possible. What’s Next? Need help with your ACT preparation? Struggling with the ACT English section? ACT Science? ACT Math? ACT Reading? Don't get discouraged! With the appropriate amount of preparation, you can reach your target ACT score! Disappointed with your ACT scores? Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically.

Stuffed and Starved Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Stuffed and Starved - Essay Example He also says that also included are urban consumers who live in slums and do industrial jobs, or those who live in exclusive houses and work in big offices. The only people exempted from the list are corporate food executives. To them, the food system works excellently. The value of the food chain lay square at the hands of these corporations. Patel argues out his point using an appropriate example from India where farmers committed suicide due to agriculture and trade liberalization. The liberalization led to 20% fall in the rural income. Free Trade treaties cannot solve poverty issues in the developing nations. Chapter three of this book provides a definite example to Rajab’s stand in food distribution in most developing nations. Most Americans think and believe that it is the fault of the Mexicans that causes their poverty. However, according to Rajab, the problem or poverty in Mexico has its foundational cause in the American government and trade. The US and Canada entered a treaty with Mexico in order to allow free trade of goods among the countries. The treaty was signed in 1994. One of the examples that Patel uses in the book is that of the Mexican Free Trade Treaty with the US and Canada in 1994. 60% of Mexican cultivated land was used for growing corn, which was the key staple food for the larger Mexican population (Patel 54). The supporters of free trade had one thing in mind that by forcing producers to enter into competition with each other, there would be an automatic price fall, thus, helping the mass urban population. Corn price in most of the Mexican markets collapsed while the US imports into the country increased significantly (Ning.com). The US corn farmers, on the other hand, were heavily funded by their government through subsidies creating a conducive environment for them to carry out their trading activities. The market competition between the farmers from the two countries was, therefore, biased on the side of the Mexicans. The im pact of this type of trade was predictably undesirable on the Mexican side. Most of the Mexicans suffered malnutrition, with a great number becoming obese. Moreover, the step taken by Wal-Mart to organize and conduct a joint trade with Mexican’s Wal-Mex worsened the situation. Wal-Mart took three out of every ten pesos that was spent on food in the country (Patel 34). Another related epigraph that Raj is using in his book is about the step made by Britain, as the pioneer of grain trade, to encourage nations like India to sell their wheat stocks. This automatically brought about famine in the entire Asian continent, as India is the production house of grains in the entire continent. The British, on the other hand, enjoyed cheap foods especially the factory workers. Raj’s first insight was that free market always favors consumers, and not producers. It lowers the prices, at the same time forcing most of the weakest products out of the market. This is not entirely true an y way. However, it does fit well in such a case. Free market certainly causes market price fall. This permits the same population to live with very few farmers and focus on knowledge or other skill related opportunities. For the profitability to be maintained, traders have an obligation to ensure that they expand their market and sell to more people. The more the number of buyers, the lesser the price, this is because of

World Leaders Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

World Leaders - Essay Example In this essay, Steve Jobs and Richard S Fuld will be compared for their leadership qualities and accomplishments. Learning from this study will be applied to understand own leadership qualities and key qualities that could help in becoming a better leader will be identified. Conclusions will be drawn based on learning obtained from this entire study. It is first important to understand the background of Steve Jobs and Richard S Fuld. Firstly, Steve Jobs was the co-founder of Apple Inc, the world’s most admired company. He co-founded Apple in 1976, and has ever since been innovating and revolutionising the PC technology. His contributions to this revolution came in the form of ground-breaking personal computers. Jobs’ association with Apple was initially very challenging as Jobs was very clear about how to run his business, which others did not seem to be convinced. In spite of immense growth and success, Jobs continued to face differences with his colleagues due to whic h he had to depart from Apple Inc. He later started another company, Next, which also did excellent business for almost 10 years; during this tenure, Jobs was able to successfully create another computer platform development company and created numerous computer-animated feature films that became very famous. During this time, Apple had realized its loss and asked Jobs to join back as its CEO. Jobs again created history with this return to Apple through his innovation in the form of ipod, iTunes, iMovies, Apple TV, ipad, and iphone (Lussier & Achua, 2009). Secondly, Richard S Fuld is the ex-CEO of Lehman Brothers that filed for bankruptcy during 2008 recession. Fuld is known for his competitive spirit and his traditional style of leadership. After the collapse of Lehman Brothers was announced, Fuld is known to have escaped from the press and did not want to answer their questions, which many found it unethical; he also did not accept that he had done anything wrong (Koch, 2008). His failure is also mainly due to his high risk-taking actions and risky business decisions; his arrogance and overconfidence can also be blamed. It will be interesting to study the leadership styles of these leaders. Both leaders exhibit certain leadership characteristics such as energy, intelligence, knowledge, decision-making, confidence, enthusiasm, independence and desire to lead (Daft, 2008). However, qualities such as honesty and integrity probably lacked in Fuld’s leadership based on the outcomes seen post Lehman Brother’s collapse. Some common leadership traits can be identified in Jobs and Fuld’s leadership such as, risk-taking behaviors, aggression and confidence, passion, and competitive spirit. However, Jobs also had other traits such as passion, creativity, empathy, and vision. On the other hand, Fuld is less courageous, more authoritative and demanding. According to theory, these traits are that of an autocratic leader (Daft, 2008). Steve Jobs also s howed some traits of democratic leadership, such as encouraging others, participation, and dependence on subordinates’ knowledge and abilities. Jobs continuously encouraged his team members to create something new and he was immediately drawn to something different that his team made in terms of technology or products. However, he always looked for perfection and high quality. It was very difficult for the team to match up with Jobs’ expectations. In spite of these findings, Jobs’ leadership can be said to be autocratic and not democratic. Daft (2008) explains that team members tend to

First Confission Essay Example for Free

First Confission Essay The opening sentence drew me in: All the trouble began when my grandfather died and my grandmother my fathers mother came to live with us. We learn that the grandmother, a country woman, is unsuited to life in town. She walks around the house barefoot, eats with her fingers, and drinks quite a bit of porter straight from the jug. The narrator, a seven-year-old boy named Jackie, is mortified by this behavior, while his older sister Nora sucked up to the old woman for the penny she got every Friday out of the old-age pension In one instance, we find Jackie, who refuses to eat any meal prepared by his grandmother, hiding under the table threatening to protect himself with a butter knife as Nora tries to force the food upon him. Jackie is preparing for his first confession and communion. The teacher, who talks mostly about hell, has scared him to death. When the day of confession arrives, Jackies mother sends Nora to accompany him to the church. Now that girl had ways of tormenting me that Mother never knew of. She held my hand as we went down the hill, smiling sadly and saying how sorry she was for me, as if she were bringing me to the hospital for an operation. Oh, God help us! she moaned. Isnt it a terrible pity you werent a good boy? Oh, Jackie, my heart bleeds for you! How will you ever think of all your sins? Dont forget you have to tell him about the time you kicked Gran on the shin. Nora goes to confession first. Noras turn came, and I heard the sound of something slamming, and then her voice as if butter wouldnt melt in her mouth, and then another slam, and out she came. God, the hypocrisy of women! Her eyes were lowered, her head was bowed, and her hands were joined very low down on her stomach, and she walked up the aisle to the side alter looking like a saint. You never saw such an exhibition of devotion; and I remember the devilish malice with which she had tormented me all the way from our door, and wondered were all religious people like that, really. Jackies turn follows. The description of the confession is quite comical and well worth reading. The entire piece is about five pages long and can be found  here. I loved this story and will look for others by Frank OConnor.

Java Script :: essays research papers

Equipment –   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Backpacking equipment is highly efficient and well-designed to minimize the weight that must be carried. The equipment is also expensive and should be borrowed from someone you know if available to allow you to have more money for your hiking trip. Hiking Boots, Socks, and Gaiters –   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Good quality leather hiking boots are essential for serious backpacking because they offer protection and comfort. Sandals may be seen but are not worn when traveling for many miles. Boots that are durable usually last over many miles which may lead into many years. Most boots have soles made of synthetic rubber known as Vibram. Light weight shoes offer protection at a reasonable cost and decreased break-in time.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Beginning Hikers tend to buy boots that are heavier and more expensive than necessary because it is important to have boots that fit properly and be long enough so that the toes don’t contact the front of the boot while walking downhill. Boots must be well broken in before attempting to hike on the trail. They should be worn at every opportunity before making a long hike, to make sure they won’t cause blisters.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Socks are important companion pieces to boots and most hikers use two pairs. The inner pair is usually is lightweight wool, polypropylene, or similar material to wick moisture away from the feet. The outer pair is usually heavyweight wool to provide cushioning of the feet within the boots. Clean socks should be worn everyday and at least one extra set of socks is needed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nylon or Gore-Tex gaiters will assist in keeping debris such as dirt and snow from entering the top of the boots. Gaiters usually have side or rear zippers to allow the person to put them on or take them off without having to remove the boot.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sandals or lightweight tennis shoes are often overlooked as a campsite alternative. A pair of sandals can allow a hiker to air out the feet and dry out the boots at the same time. Sandals or tennis shoes do not offer enough support for carrying heavy loads, but they do have a function around the campsite. Packs -   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The pack is a are mounted on external frames. It should be possible to remove the pack from the frame in case one wants to use the frame for carrying loads other than the pack. Frames are made of lightweight metal usually tubular aluminum alloy.

Sentence Completion Tests

SENTENCE COMPLETION TEST: INTRODUCTION: Herman Von Ebbinghaus is generally credited with developing the first sentence completion test in 1897 . Sentence completion tests are a class of semi-structured projective techniques. A sentence completion test form may be relatively short, such as those used to assess responses to advertisements, or much longer, such as those used to assess personality. A long sentence completion test is the Forer Sentence Completion Test, which has 100 stems. The responses are believed to provide indications of attitudes, beliefs, motivations, or other mental states.There is debate over whether or not sentence completion tests elicit responses from conscious thought rather than unconscious states. This debate would affect whether sentence completion tests can be strictly categorized as projective tests. In recent decades, sentence completion tests have increased in usage, in part because they are easy to develop and easy to administer. Another reason for the increased usage of sentence completion tests are because they uncover conflicted attitudes.The uses of sentence completion tests include personality analysis, clinical applications, attitude assessment, achievement motivation, and measurement of other constructs. They are used in several disciplines, including psychology, management, education, and marketing. Sentence completion measures have also been incorporated into non-projective applications, such as intelligence tests, language comprehension, and language and cognitive development tests DESCRIPTION OF THE TEST: Sacks sentence completion test is a semi structured test consisting of 60 incomplete phrases/sentences, ex. my mother’ or when I see the boss coming, I ‘ The test typically provide respondents with beginnings of sentences, referred to as â€Å"stems,† and respondents then complete the sentences in ways that are meaningful to them. As a semi -structured test , it is expected to provide valuable info rmation about subject’s interpersonal relations with others as well as attitude towards self and others. ADMINISTRATION AND INSTRUCTIONS : The subject was invited into a room free of noise and disturbance and was made to sit comfortably.The test instructions and purpose of the test were explained and all her anxieties and questions regarding test were clarifies before administering the test. The instructions for the test have been printed on the answer sheet which was provided to the subject. The instructions include: â€Å"You will find below a number of incomplete sentences. Write quickly in the blank space the first idea that comes to your mind to complete each statement. Answer rapidly†. SCORING: The questions in the questionnaire are divided into four areas such as family areas, sex area, interpersonal relationships and self concept.Each main area is again further sub divided , basing on the attitude towards certain people like attitude towards father, mother, fam ily etc. and fears etc. The different questions in the questionnaire have been related to one of the main areas. Each questions was then analyzed qualitatively and a positive or negative attitude was recorded and interpreted. INTERPRETATION: 1)Attitude towards family: The person’s profile indicates that she has relatively positive and good attitude towards her mother whereas relatively negative attitude towards her father.She wants her father to be a little more caring and responsible. Her attitude towards the family is also positive. 2)attitude towards sex: The person has a positive attitude towards women in general and towards heterosexual relationships. 3) Interpersonal relationships: She has a slightly negative attitude towards superiors at work place and school. She knows her responsibilities and has a caring attitude towards the people at work. The person has good interpersonal relationships with colleagues or friends at work or school. The person was also found to have many fears. She has a fear of driving, spirits, and heights.At times she is even compelled to do against her wishes because of the fear associated. 4)self concept: The person is also guilty of some mistakes in the past for which she feels responsible . She has a positive attitude and belief towards her abilities. She has a good positive attitude and hope for the future. She wants to prove herself in future. OVERALL THE PRESON HAS A POSITIVE ATTITUDE TOWARD FAMILY EXCEPT TOWARDS HER FATHER AND HAS A POSTIVE ATTITUDE TOWARDS LIFE AND SELF AND HER FUTURE FAMILY COUSELING IN THE SPECIFIC AREA MAY HELP HER TO PERFORM BETTER IN HER FUTURE.

Ethical Self-Assessment

Healthcare professionals are faced with making multi-faceted decisions on a daily basis. These decisions are not just limited to clinical matters, but they include the total patient care experience. Because of emerging healthcare trends and complex health law and ethics, it is imperative that healthcare administrators have a professional organization that they can belong to. â€Å"The American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE) is an international professional society of more than 35,000 healthcare executives who lead hospitals, healthcare systems and other healthcare organizations.ACHE is known for its prestigious FACHE ® credential, signifying board certification in healthcare management, and its educational programs including the annual Congress on Healthcare Leadership† (American College of Healthcare Executives, n. d. ). The Ethics Self–Assessment Tool and Individual Decision Making The American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE) provides an ethics self -assessment which is made up of thought-provoking questions to serve as a moral compass using the ACHE Code of Ethics as its basis.No matter what your role in the healthcare system, the self-assessment provides a standard for various healthcare relationships including, â€Å"Community, Board, Colleagues, Staff, Clinicians, Buyers, Payors and Suppliers. † (American College of Healthcare Executives, n. d. ). Any questions that were not answered with â€Å"always,† identified an area of weakness in which ethics were being compromised. The first lesson learned is that there are numerous situations where healthcare professionals may believe they are being ethical, but the assessment provides examples that some decisions being made are unethical.This gap away from being completely ethical occurs because professional decisions are often influenced by individual ethics. Identifying these gaps allow healthcare administrators to make necessary steps to improve the method in whic h they make decisions. Another lesson learned is the importance of having a tool to compare your organization’s level of ethics to the code of ethics. Paying special attention to minimize outside influences, will allow you to make complex ethical decisions at all times which will promote consistency throughout all team members and the organization.The American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE), has a strong impact on ethical decision making because they focus on the â€Å"entire being† of the healthcare professional. For example, in ACHE’s preamble of The Code of Ethics it states, â€Å"In fulfilling their commitments and obligations to patients or others served, healthcare executives function as moral advocates and models. † Imagine, when a healthcare administrator recites these few words, he cannot help but acknowledge the depth of his commitment and the high level of morality that is expected from him.Because of the vast number of complex ethical dilemmas that arise, ACHE further promotes the value and importance of strong ethical decision making in ACHE’s Ethics Toolkit. â€Å"When the ethical guidelines are not enough, when there is uncertainty about the proper ethical approach, and when there is a need to develop additional ethical guidelines. ACHE’s Ethics Toolkit provides tools for developing both parts of an ethical culture. † (American College of Healthcare Executives, n. d. ).Influence of Individual Ethics on Decision Making. When it comes to the modern decisions in today’s healthcare system, it is important to be able to identify problems and opportunities and choose the best course of action for the greater good. A strong ethical background helps individuals make the right decision although it may be unpopular. â€Å"Aristotle (Summers, 2009) also teaches about morality when explains how to apply ethics to daily living. Through the idea of practical wisdom and eudemonia, he makes us aw are of the need to apply ethics and behave in a moral way.We develop our moral character so that we use our knowledge of ethics to address challenging new situations. Ethical principles become the center of our lives and we apply them as virtue-centered administrators. † Strategies to Improve Decision Making in the Future The opportunities that being a member of The American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE) has afforded healthcare professionals, is one that is here to stay. Healthcare administration is a profession that continually evolves with time. Because of the advances in medicine, people are living longer and have a better quality of life.The current self-assessment tools are quickly improving and making it easier for healthcare professionals to obtain the data needed to make prompt ethical decisions. It is important to remember that as a healthcare professional, one must present all of the facts to a patient and preserve his right of autonomy. It is within the co de of ethics that healthcare professionals are not to impose their will on someone else. Remember, to carry out â€Å"the four ethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice. †

Instagram purchase intentions in Thailand fashion industry

Instagram purchase intentions in Thailand fashion industry Overview of Relevant Theories Consumer behavior is a complex field. The complexity arises from the difficulties associated with predicting human behavior. People exposed to the same conditions do not always respond in the same way. This makes the study of consumer behavior important to help determine the potential range of consumer responses that arise from exposure to marketing communication.Advertising We will write a custom dissertation sample on Instagram: purchase intentions in Thailand fashion industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are many theories that seek to explain why consumers behave in certain ways. In this section, the theories reviewed are the Theory of Reasoned Action, and the Theory of Social Comparison. In addition, it will be important to review Kozinets’ Model that describes online consumer user typologies, and the one-to-many communication model. The Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) was the precurs or to the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The main assumption that led to the development of TRA was that all behavior arises from the intention to do something. This means that every person makes a deliberate choice to behave in a certain way. The researchers attributed the intention to do something to three factors. The first factor was the attitude of the individual towards the activity. If a person was favorably disposed towards a certain activity, then the individual was likely to engage in it. The second factor put forward by the researchers was that the intention to carry out an activity depended on the subjective norms of the individual. This meant that if the activity was within the experience of the individual, then the likelihood of engaging in it was higher. The third element that contributed to behavior was the perceived behavioral control of the individual. It was necessary for the person to have the capacity to direct their actions to carry out a specific activity. The realization that some behavioral patterns were involuntary led to the emergence of TPB. This change made it possible for researchers to account for involuntary behavioral traits that the TRA model could not explain. The second theory that is of interest to this project is the Theory of Social Comparison. This theory postulates that people judge their personal worth based on social comparisons.Advertising Looking for dissertation on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The measures used for social comparison include intelligence, wealth, and personal attractiveness. This theory seeks to explain consumer behavior based on the realization that people take action to improve their perceived social value. Consumers buy certain products to increase their social worth. Kozinets model deals with the specific factors that influence consumption in online communities. Consumers in online communities do not ha ve sufficient social pressure to drive them to make decisions based on social comparison. Kozinets picked two main measures to develop four basic typologies of online consumers. The first measure was social ties within the online community. A new member in an online community does not have any ties with the other members of the community, despite sharing an interest. If the new member chooses to become active in the online community, the member develops social relationships with other members of the online community. This increases the member’s sense of belonging to that online community. The second measure identified by Kozinets (1999) was the level of priority of the consumption activity to the users. Accordingly, a user was likely to spend money online if the activities of the specific community were a priority for that user. This decision usually depended on the personal relationships and the interpersonal dynamics at play in the online community. Based on these two measu res, Kozinets developed a model that classified online consumers into four quadrants as shown in figure 1 below. The four main types of online consumers according to the model are devotees, â€Å"minglers†, insiders, and tourists. Devotees refer to members of an online community who have a high level of association with the activities of the online community, but have weak social ties. Figure 1: User typology for communities of consumptionAdvertising We will write a custom dissertation sample on Instagram: purchase intentions in Thailand fashion industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The fourth model of interest in this project is the one-to-many communication model. It describes communication from one point to many other points. It resembles traditional broadcasting. A central station beams messages to a large audience of passive listeners. Other models within this framework include the one-to-one model, which describes p ersonal marketing communications targeting specific marketing needs. There is also the many-to-many model that represents the participation of a community in several discussions within the network. Each of these models has implications and applications in marketing communication. Perhaps the best way to capture these ideas is to take into account that communication has shifted from mass communication to communication within networks. Consumers have varying levels of power over their buying behavior. The three dimensions of consumer power include consumer sovereignty, cultural power, and discursive power. Consumer sovereignty assumes that a consumer is fully in charge of their buying behavior as modeled by the Theory of Reasoned Behavior. Cultural power on the hand refers to a power matrix piled against the consumer by political and social processes. In this case, the consumer is under the influence of culture, politics, and the views of opinion leaders when making purchasing decisio ns. Discursive power is the combined action of both consumer sovereignty and cultural power to yield a blend that has space for consumer decision making as well as the other influences in the making of buying decisions. Celebrity Consumption Strong brands are very attractive to consumers in Thailand. The consumers associate strong brands with status and value. This phenomenon is not unique to Thailand. In the Western world, strong brands such as Coca-Cola and Pepsi have global recognition. In the technology field, companies such as Google, Microsoft, Intel, Apple, and HP have a big market share because of the strengths of their brands. Branding is an essential aspect of the every business. A survey conducted by the Grey Group in Thailand found that many consumers based their purchasing decisions on the image and social status associated with brands. In addition, up to 26% of the respondents in the same study felt that image and social status were the most important aspects to consid er when making purchases, regardless of personal economic circumstances.Advertising Looking for dissertation on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This phenomenon is associated with vigorous advertising campaigns in Thailand. The adverts create a strong consumer culture that encourages luxury spending on fashion and design items that Thai people associate with success and prestige. In addition, the adverts use celebrity endorsements to persuade consumers to purchase the products. Association of brands with celebrities usually leads to a great demand for the products. In relation to this trend, Chadha and Husband (2006) stated, â€Å"luxury brands are a modern set of symbols that Asians are wearing to redefine their identity and social position.† One of the signs of this phenomenon in the Thai society is the many female students who look at themselves as trendsetters because of their exposure to the internet. Subsequently the female students spend huge sums of money on designer items. This is because young women are more impressionable which makes them more willing to spend their money on luxury items promoted by celebri ties. This wave of young internet savvy consumers being transformed into ferocious consumers is fuelling electronic commerce in Thailand. Some commentators feel that the proliferation of the consumer culture in Thailand will jeopardize the future of the county. Consumerism tends to encourage debt spending. This will rob the country of its ability to meet it long-term obligations and may derail the economic progress of the country. Traditionally, Thai people have been good at saving and have not had strong materialistic tendencies that the young people are now embracing. Social media is playing an important role in the transformation of Thailand into a consumer society. One of the strongest areas of economic growth in the country is electronic commerce. A survey by MasterCard in 2010 revealed that online shopping is growing very fast in Thailand . This can be explained by the growth in the uptake of smart phones in Thailand. Many people are using mobile phones to access the internet and to make purchases. The smart phones are also making it very easy for consumers to access information from their online social networks. Thailand is a collectivist country in its consumption patterns . This means that people tend to buy products based on a group mentality in order to fit in peer groups. In this culture, people tend to rely on the collective wisdom of their communities to make decisions. Therefore, before making purchases, people in Thailand are likely to confer with their peers on the merits and demerits of their intention. The traditional word-of-mouth process still governs commerce in many societies. With the recent advances in technology, people are now using the internet to confer with their peers concerning their intention to make purchases. Online marketers refer to this process as electronic word of mouth (eWOM). When celebrities are involved in eWOM, the impact it produces increases significantly. Celebrity eWOM can increase the consumption of a product b ecause their endorsement increases the brand recognition of the product . According to the theoretical models reviewed earlier, the behavior of Thai consumers tends to conform to TRA. In many cases, the consumers remain in charge of their decisions to buy, but they allow the opinion of celebrities to guide their decisions. In the same vein, there is a strong correlation of this behavior with the Theory of Social Comparison. As a community, the Thai people are collectivists. The society encourages conformity rather than competition. Therefore, everyone seeks to attain a prosperous self- image, which is consistent with the national psyche. Electronic Word of Mouth (eWOM) The availability of information plays a major role in the purchasing decisions of international customers. Consumers take a keen interest in the acquisition of information because of the role information plays in the reduction of purchasing risks. Word of Mouth (WOM) plays an important role in the gathering of informa tion, which in turn influences consumer attitudes, choices, and purchasing decisions. A related development is that advertising is becoming outdated because of an erosion of consumer trust from conventional advertisements. Consumers have been questioning the reliability of advertisements as a means of acquiring accurate information about a product because of the obvious interest of the manufacturer in the sales and marketing of the product. This makes WOM more popular than seeking information from conventional advertisements. Subsequently, WOM has a strong effect on consumer choices. WOM takes different forms, which range from face to face communications, to the use of social media to convey information. When WOM takes place on line, its name becomes Electronic Word of Mouth (eWOM). Another way of looking at eWOM is that it is an attempt by organizations to influence communication between consumers. When viewed in this sense, eWOM becomes a strategic and deliberate approach by a com pany to capitalize on good rapport with its clients. Opinion leaders such as celebrities are responsible for the success of eWOM because people trust their views and opinions. Opinion leaders may vary in nature, but their common trait is that they have some influence over portions of the online community. Opinion leaders are not only celebrities. They include fashion bloggers, critics, and the dominant or active members of online communities. Opinion leaders control the discussions held through eWOM when they give their views to their online audience. These views often make the difference between the success and failure of a product. One of the significant challenges facing eWOM is the presence of wrong information. In fact, eWOM suffers from many problems associated with communication such as noise and distortion. Consumers have the duty of sifting through their sources in order to assess the credibility of the information provided. Another challenge associated with WOM is that it relies on the subjective experiences of individual when using a product. The experiences that people usually have with products are not necessarily universal. Therefore, there is a high the risk of finding false information in the eWOM network. Secondly, the anonymity of the internet makes eWOM risky. Fraudsters attempt to use eWOM networks to take advantage of unsuspecting consumer. Despite these challenges, many consumers still rely on eWOM to find information to help them to make purchasing decisions. Online Communities The emergence and proliferation of online communities is giving consumers more avenues for sharing information and experiences relating to products in the market place. Online communities are an extension of human social organization found in other spheres. These communities exist in various forms such as online forums, bulletin boards, and newsgroups. Usually, online communities arise from shared interests. The major output derived from online communities is info rmation. The tools for encoding and sharing information have increased in number and efficiency since the popular acceptance of the internet as a means of global community. The multiplicity of online information outlets is giving consumers a wide range of opportunities to upload information using video, audio, pictures, and text as they share their experiences with other consumers. A large percentage of communication stills takes place in the real world without the assistance of technology. Consumers interact with their friends during social functions, where they obtain advice on their purchasing choices. This notwithstanding, there is an increase in the number of people using the internet to access services because of the increasing confidence in electronic commerce. People are spending increasing amounts of time online, especially in the social media. This trend is likely to increase the volume of electronic commerce. The Theory of Social Comparison and the Theory of Reasoned Acti on are ideal for explaining the dynamics of eWOM and the extent to which eWOM influences the buying intentions of consumers of designer products. A study conducted to ascertain the role that travel blogs play in tourist purchase decisions found that tourists do not always rely on rational calculations based on cost benefit analysis when making the decision to visit tourist destinations. They use eWOM from blogs that talk about tourist issues to determine whether they will visit a certain place or not. Travel blogs also host adverts from various tourism-related businesses. The level of involvement of the blog in the issues tends to influence the effectiveness of the adverts placed on their sites. The adverts have a big impact because of the contextual placement of advertisements. While this is going on, marketers carry the responsibility of maintaining the brand reputation of their products because strong brands get better exposure to online traffic when they advertise on travel blog s. Electronic Word of Mouth is evolving along the same lines as the evolution of social media. As indicated earlier, offline WOM is a force to reckon with in social structures that are enclosed within physical boundaries. On the other hand, eWOM uses the power of the internet to do away with boundaries. This ensures that information within the eWOM network reaches audiences in various parts of the world. The success of eWOM arises from the number of people that now receive information via the internet. For instance, news about a new product spreads very quickly in the internet. This shows that eWOM has a very large impact on the transfer of information. Apart from the simple acquisition of knowledge, consumers have faith in the information they derive from eWOM, making it one of the most influential decision support systems in the purchase of electronic products. At the same time, the increasing use of smart phones in Thailand makes it very easy for consumers to access information v ia eWOM networks. The possession of a smart phone is a status symbol in Thai urban areas, and the unfettered access to internet is consistent with the image of luxurious living that many people aspire to have. A study in China showed that people are likely to generate and distribute information via eWOM networks if a product gives them a good feeling. It seems that eWOM derives its energy from the human desire to share good news. In other words, eWOM is the result of relationship marketing. In recent years, the concept of viral marketing has surfaced, also aided by online media. Viral marketing works similarly to eWOM, but it has a higher degree of intensity. It comes about when consumers identify strongly with the marketing campaign or the product. Products that go viral usually receive a large amount of attention over a small period. Uptake of Instagram in Thailand The main objective of the research project will be to study the role that the social media plays in the marketing of luxury products in Thailand. The impact of social media varies from one segment to another, which then means that an effective study must focus on one industry. The industry of interest in this project is the fashion and design industry. The emergence of Instagram as one of the leading smart phone applications in Thailand has intensified the exchange of eWOM among Thai consumers . Instagram is making it relatively easy for the public to access reliable information via eWOM by following celebrities who have Instagram accounts. Instagram is very compatible with the consumer culture in Thailand. According to a Bangkok-based brand agency called Zocialrank, Instagram has become very popular in Thailand. Instagram has more than 150,000 users in Thailand who have already uploaded over 11 million photos. This makes Thailand one of the largest users of Instagram. Thai people keep up with new trends by following celebrities through Instagram in order to find out the current â€Å"must haveâ €  items. One of the clearest indictors of this trend is the following that a single celebrity can command in Thailand. The actor Aum Patcharapa has almost one and a half million followers on Instagram. Marketing campaigns in Thailand use celebrities to promote products. Celebrity endorsements spur consumers to buy the products based on the notion that the products are superior. Instagram allows celebrities and marketing companies to post pictures showing the celebrities promoting the latest trends in the fashion industry. Customers get a glimpse of the new products as well as their favorite celebrities adorning the fashion items. The element of Instagram that makes it stand out as a platform that support eWOM is that it eases the sharing of photos. This means that people can share photos showing celebrities wearing the latest fashion items. This makes Instagram a very powerful tool in eWOM marketing, and influences consumer decision making. Research indicates that the physical a ppearance of a storefront can influence buying behavior. In the context of eWOM, a good-looking store will attract positive eWOM, which can then drive up its sales. This shows that customers want to associate with well-to-do brands. A research project was undertaken to find out whether being a fan or a follower of a celebrity changed the purchasing behavior of an individual. The researchers found that more than half of the fans were likely to purchase or recommend a product endorsed by the person they are following. Celebrity Endorsement Studies conducted to determine the impact of celebrity endorsements on brands show that celebrities increase the visibility of a brand, and create positive attitudes towards the brand. Endorsements from celebrities also increase brand loyalty and set the stage for positive eWOM for the brand. Celebrities influence consumer choices when consumers imitate the dressing mode and character of the celebrities. Wei and Lu (2013) examined how the relationsh ip between celebrity endorsements and online customer reviews can influence the shopping behavior of female consumers. The research revealed that although the image of a celebrity creates a positive impact on buying behavior, consumers hesitate from buying the endorsed product if the endorsement is perceived to be a commercial campaign. However, the same consumers will rely more on customer reviews written by other consumers to make buying decisions. Consumers prefer to ape the celebrities but frown upon direct calls by the same celebrities to buy the products. Consumers look at the pictures and the lifestyles of the celebrities to find out the brands they are wearing. They use their findings to decide on which products to buy based on the assumption that the celebrity likes the product. An experiment by economic psychologists found that celebrities are more persuasive than people who are not famous even if the other people are as attractive as the celebrities. Respondents displayed a stronger intention to purchase a product when it was presented in close association with a celebrity. The effectiveness of celebrity endorsement usually depends on the greater cultural constructs of the specific country or region. The two main perspectives in this regard are whether the dominant cultural philosophy in the region is individualism or collectivism. Individualism refers to cultures with a high level of autonomy. In such societies, people tend to rely on social structures developed by the state rather that a culturally derived one. Countries such as Thailand have had a long time to evolve as a people. This has given the country the opportunity to streamline its collective aspirations, which has led to a homogenous worldview among the Thai people. A study designed to compare how a person’s attachment to a celebrity affects buying behavior revealed that a person who feels strongly attached to a celebrity is likely to make purchasing decisions based on a single en dorsement by the celebrity. On the other hand, multiple endorsements from a celebrity in regards to multiple products or multiple endorsements of the same product, adversely affected the purchasing decisions of the people who felt strongly attached to the celebrity. On the contrary, multiple endorsements increased the likelihood of making a positive purchasing decision among those who did not feel strongly attached to the celebrity. This finding illustrates that while the celebrities have the ability to influence purchasing behavior, their influence must be exercised with care to achieve maximum impact. However, Wei and Lu (2012) who carried out research on the relationship between endorsements and purchasing behavior were not focusing on Instagram. This means that their findings should not be generalized to all forms of eWOM. Some studies support the positive impact of eWOM on the buying decision of consumers. Other studies support the positive impact of celebrity endorsements on b uying decision. A Study in Thailand showed that the four factors that influenced consumer behavior were physical factors, personal identity, lifestyle, and store environment. This study did not include the role of eWOM, or social media on how consumers make their decisions. Therefore, there is need for fresh research into the impact of Instagram and social media in general on consumer behavior in Thailand. This research project intends to fill this gap by examining the impact of Instagram as part of eWOM, on Thailand’s consumer behavior. A study that was evaluating the role of visual elements in advertisements that utilized social media platforms found that the visual elements that attracted the highest number of users were shock and sex appeal. Sex appeal can go hand in hand with celebrity endorsement if the celebrity in question is also a sex symbol. A good example is actor Aum Patchrapa, who is not only a well-known celebrity, but also a sex symbol. This project intends to take a specific look at the role celebrity endorsements on Instagram play in consumer purchasing decisions. Methodology The research philosophy chosen for this project is positivism. The choice of this paradigm comes from the need to quantify the impact that Instagram has on consumer choices in Thailand. The research project will not be aiming at proving the impact, but rather measuring the impact. Positivism is ideal for proving objective reality. Positivism asserts that a scientist is capable of using a scientific perspective in the observation of a social behavior in order to perform objective analysis. Data analysis for a research project undertaken using a positivist philosophy requires using quantitative methods to describe large-scale phenomenon. In this case, it will be necessary to use quantitative research methods to ensure that the data is analyzed in line with the dimensions of the problem. The results developed from the data analysis will show the level of influence th at eWOM has on consumer decisions in Thailand’s fashion industry. The results will also show consumer behavior and the underlying market forces driving online commerce in Thailand. Data collection will be done using survey instruments developed for the project. A survey is the best tool for collecting a large pool of data. Surveys are considered rigid in comparison to other research tools such as interviews. However, they provide the only realistic way of dealing with a large data set. In order to make sense out of the data, it is imperative to identify the dependent and independent variables that can help in the identification of consumer characteristics in the Thai market. The main tool for data collection will be an online questionnaire. The target group identified for the project is Thai females aged 18-30. The total number of respondents for the project will be 400 individuals. The social class targeted in the survey is the young women from middle class families living i n the urban areas of Bangkok. The inclusion criteria for the respondents will include a range of dimensions such as the fulfillment of personal desires. The goal of this approach is to ensure that the sample contains respondents who have varying economic power because it will help to determine whether purchasing power affects purchasing behavior when it comes to fashion products. The survey will be divided into the following four sections. The first section will deal with the demographic profile of the respondents. The second and third sections will deal with their Instagram use habits and the degree of reliance on eWOM for decision making when it comes to fashion products purchases. The fourth section will deal with impact of eWOM from celebrities on the purchasing behavior of the respondents. The extent of influence on each of these measures will be captured using Likert Scales. The level of influence will have a five point Likert scale with â€Å"1† corresponding to  "strongly disagree†, and â€Å"5† corresponding to, â€Å"strongly agree†. The fourth section will have an eight-point scale with â€Å"1† corresponding to â€Å"strongly disagree† and â€Å"8† corresponding to, â€Å"strongly agree†. The questionnaire will also contain frequency measure that will capture difference aspects of the use of Instagram, such as photos uploaded per week, number of celebrities that the respondent follows, and time spent on Instagram. Data analysis will be done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to ensure the results meet all the requirements of a proper scientific inquiry. Reference List Agger, B 1991, Critical Theory, Poststructuralism, Postmodernism: Their Sociological Relevance, Annual Review of Sociology, vol 1, no. 17, pp. 105-131. Ani, M 2009, Glam-Girls are Making Young Women Bankrupt, http://living.oneindia.in/expressions/life-expressions/2009/luxury-lifestyles- bankruptcies-fema les-220609.html. Ardichvili, A, Cardozo, R Ray, S 2003, A Theory of Entrepreneurial Opportunity Identification and Development, Journal of Business Venturing, vol 18, pp. 105-123. Bearden, W Netemeyer, RG 1999, Handbook of Marketing Scales: Multi-Item Measures for Marketing and Consumer Behavior Research, 2nd edn, Sage, California. BIGresearch 2008, Shoppers Say Word of Mouth is Biggest Influence on Purchase of Electronics, Apparel Items. , bigresearch.com/news/ bignrf112108.html . Blaikie, N 1993, Approaches to Social Enquiry, Polity Press, Cambridge. Blomstrà ¶m, R, Lind, E Persson, F 2012, Triggering Factors for Word-of-Mouth: A Case Study of Tipp-Ex’s Viral Marketing Campaign, Jà ¶nkà ¶ping International Business School, vol 10, no. 2, pp. 1-23. Borkowski, N Gordon, J 2005, Entrepreneurial Organizations: The Driving Force for Improving Quality in the Healthcare Industy, Journal of Health and Human Services Administration, vol 3, no. 4, pp. 531-549. Brady, P 2012, T he Most Instagrammed Places 2012: West Coast Hot Spots Among Instagram Users Favorite Subjects, huffingtonpost.com/2012/12/28/the-most-instagrammed-places-2012_n_2375308.html#slide=1926934. Bryman, A Bell, E 2011, Business Research Methods, 3rd edn, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Bush, AJ, Martin, CA Bush, VV 2004, Sports Celebrity Influence on the Behavioral Intentions of Generation Y, Journal of Advertising Research, vol 44, no. 1, pp. 1-11. Cardoso, G 2009, From Mass Communication to Networked Communication: Thoughts 2.0, Lisbon Internet and Networks, Lisbon. Chadha, R Husband, P 2006, The Cult of Luxury Brands: Inside Asia’s Love Affair with Luxury, Nicholas Brealey International, London. Chen, Y-C, Shang, R-A Li, M-J 2013, The Effects of Perceived Relevance of Travel Blogs’ Content on the Behavioral Intention to Visit a Tourist Destination, Computers in Human Behavior, vol 5, no. 19, pp. 1-13. Choi, SM, Lee, W-N Kim, H-J 2005, Lessons from the Rich and the Famous: A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Celebrity Endorsement in Advertising, Jourval of Advertising, vol 34, no. 2, pp. 85-98. Cohen, JB, Belyavsky, J Silk, T 2008, Using Visualization to Alter the Balance Between Desirability and Feasibility during Choice, Journal of Consumer Psychology , vol 18, no. 1, pp. 270-275. Creswell, J 2008, Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches, 3rd edn, Sage, London. Cruz, B Mendelsohn, J 2010, Why Social Media Matters to your business, Chadwick, New York. Curasi, CF, Hogg, M Maclaran, B 2001, The Impact of the Net: Strategies for Consumer Behavior Research Design in the 21st Century’, Advances in Consumer Research, vol 28, no. 1, p. 205. Dalal, S 2007, Creativity And Innovation Driving Business, Creativity Innovation Books, Mumbai. Daughtry, TC Casselman, GL 2009, Executing Strategy: From Boardroom to Frontline, Capital Books, Herndon, VI. Davila, T, Marc, EJ Robert, SD 2007, The Creative Enterprise: Cultur e, Greenwood Publishing Group, Boston, MA. Denegri-Knott, J, Zwick, D Schroeder, JE 2006, Mapping Consumer Power: An Integrative Framework for Marketing and Consumer Research, European Journal of Marketing, vol 9, no. 10, pp. 950-971. Denzin, N Lincoln, Y 2003, Denzin, N. Lincoln, Y. (2003) Collecting and Interpreting Qualitative Materials, Sage, London., Sage, London. Dwivedi, A Johnson, LW 2013, Trust and Commitment as a Mediator of the Celebrity Endorser: Brand Equity Relationship in a Service Context, Australasian Marketing Journal, vol 21, no. 1, pp. 36-42. Euromonitor 2013, Consumer Lifestyles, euromonitor.com/consumer-lifestyles-in-thailand/report. Ferrell, OC Hartline, MD 2008, Marketing Strategy, Cengage Learning, New York, NY. Flamholtz, EG Randle, Y 2012, Growing Pains: Transitioning from an Entrepreneurship to a Professionally Managed Firm, John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY. Gapp, R Fisher, R 2007, Developing an Intrapreneur-led Three-phase Model of Innovation, In ternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour Research, vol 13, no. 6, pp. 330-348. Hammersley, M 2009, Questioning Qualitative Inquiry, Sage, London. Harvard Business School 2005, Strategy: Create and Implement the Best Strategy for Your Business, Harvard Business Press, Boston, MA. Hoffner, C Cantor, J 1991, Perceiving And Responding To Mass Media Characters, in J Bryant, D Zillman (eds.), Responding to the Screen: Reception and Reaction process, John Wiley, New York. Holmes, D 2005, Communication Theory: Media, Technology, and Society, SAGE, London, UK. Huang, C-Y, Chou, C-J Lin, P-C 2010, Involvement Theory in Constructing Bloggers’ Intention to Purchase Travel Products, Tourism Management , vol 31, no. 1, pp. 513-526. Ilicic, J Webster, CM 2011, Effects of Multiple Endorsements and Consumer–Celebrity Attachment on Attitude and Purchase Intention, Australasian Marketing Journal , vol 19, no. 1, p. 230–237. Instagram 2013, Aum_patchrapa, http://instagr am.com/aum_patchrapa. Jaakson, K, Tamm, D Hammal, G 2011, Organisational Innovativeness in Estonian Biotechnology Organisations, Baltic Journal of Management, vol 6, no. 2, pp. 205-226. Jones, MA 2008, The Innovation Acid Test: Growth Through Design and Differentiation, The Innovation Acid Test: Growth Through Design and Differentiation, Axminster. Kazmi, A 2008, Strategic Managenent and Business Policy, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi. Keller, E Berry, J 2006, Word-of-mouth: The Real Action is Offline, Advertising Age, vol 77, no. 2, p. 20. Kozinets, RV 1999, The Strategic Implications of Virtual Communities of Consumption, European Management Journal, vol 17, no. 7, pp. 252-264. Kozinets, RV, Valck,K, Wojnicki, AC Wilner, SJ 2013, Networked Narratives: Understanding Word-of-Mouth Marketingin Online Communities, Journal of Marketing, vol 74, no. 1, pp. 71-89. Kull, K 2003, The Model of Internet-Based Marketing Communication, Tallinn Technical University, Tallinn. Lau, TL, Shaffer, M A Chan, KF 2012, The Entrepreneurial Behaviour Inventory: A Simulated Incident Method to Assess Corporate Entrepreneurship, International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour Research, vol 18, no. 6, pp. 673-993. Lekprayura, S 2012, Brand Equity and Factors Affecting Consumer’s Purchase Intention towards Luxury Brands in Bangkok Metropolitan Area, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology , vol 70, no. 1, pp. 545-550. Lerkpollakarn, A Khemarangsan, A 2012, A Study of Thai Consumers Behavior Towards Fashion Clothing, The 2nd National and International Graduate Study Conference 2012, Silpakorn University International College, Bankok. Liao, J Yang, J 2012, The Influence of Electronic Word-Of-Mouth Authenticity on Customers’ Behavior, Second International Conference on Business Computing and Global Informatization, IEEE, Changsha. Meng, F, Wei, J Zhu, Q 2011, Study on the Impacts of Opinion Leader in Online Consuming Decision, 2011 International Joint Conf erence on Service Sciences, IEEE, New York NY. Millward, S 2012, Thai User Numbers on Instagram and the Celebrities They Follow, techinasia.com/thai-user-numbers-on-instagram. Moisander, J Valtonen, A 2006, Qualitative Marketing Research: A Cultural Approach, Sage, London. Monthathip, S, Panos, L Catherine, C 2009, The Impact of Culture on Mobile Phone Purchasing: A Comparison between Thai and British Consumers, 17th European Conference on Information Systems, ECIS, Guildford. Nail, J 2005, What’s the Buzz on Word-of-mouth Marketing? Social Computing and Consumer Control put Momentum into Viral Marketing, forrester.com. Patzelt, H Shepherd, DA 2011, Recognizing Opportunities for Sustainable Development, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, vol 10, no. 11, pp. 631-652. Petty, RE, Cacioppo, JT Schumann, D 1983, Central and Peripheral Routes to Advertising Effectiveness: The Moderating Role of Involvement, Journal of Consumer Research, vol 10, no. 1, pp. 135-146. Prendergas t, G, Ko, G SiuYin, VY 2010, (2010) ‘Online Word of Mouth and Consumer Purchase Intentions, International Journal Of Advertising, vol 29, no. 5, pp. 687-708. Rajagopal, A 2011, Customer Culture and Purchase Intentions Towards fashion Apparel in Mexico, Journal of Database Marketing Customer Strategy Management, vol 18, no. 4, pp. 286-307. Robert, MG 2005, Contemporary Strategy Analysis, Wiley-Blackwell, Malden, MA. Sahaf, MA 2008, Strategic Marketing: Making Decisions For Strategic Advantage, PHI Learning Pvt Ltd, New Delhi. Sharma, A, Bhosle, A Chaudhary, B 2012, Consumer Perception and Attitude towards the Visual Elements in Social Campaign Advertisement, Journal of Business and Management, vol 3, no. 1, pp. 6-17. Shen, W, Cai, J Li, L 2011, Electronic Word-of-Mouth in China: A Motivational Analysis, Natural Science Foundation of China, vol 12, no. 2, pp. 1-6. Stallen, M, Smidts, A, Rijpkema, M, Smit, G, Klucharev, V Fernndez, G 2010, Celebrities and Shoes on the Female Brain: The Neural Correlates of Product Evaluation in the Context of Fame, Journal of Economic Psychology, vol 31, no. 1, p. 802–811. Tejavibulya, P Eiamkanchanalai, S 2011, The Impacts of Opinion Leaders towards Purchase Decision Engineering under Different Types of Product Involvement, Systems Engineering Procedia, vol 2, no. 1, pp. 12-22. Tovikkai, K Jirawattananukool, W 2010, An Exploratory Study on Young Thai Women Consumer Behavior toward Purchasing Luxury Fashion Brands, http://mdh.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:326249/FULLTEXT01.. Wei, P Lu, H 2012, An Examination of the Celebrity Endorsements and Online Customer Reviews Influence Female Consumers Shopping Behavior, Computers in Human Behavior, , vol 29, no. 1, pp. 193-201. Xiaofen, J Yiling, Z 2009, The Impacts of Online Word-of-mouth on Consumer’s Buying Intention on Apparel: An Empirical Study, Proceedings of the 2009 International Symposium on Web Information Systems and Applications (WISA’09), Academy Publisher, Nanchang. Yu, J 2011, Typology and Influence Analysis of Opinion Leader: A Case Study on Fashion Online Shopping, IEEE, vol 6, no. 11, pp. 1-6.

The Benefits of Learning Latin

The Benefits of Learning Latin Erras, mi Lucili, si existimas nostri saeculi esse vitium luxuriam et neglegentiam boni moris et alia, quae obiecit suis quisque temporibus; hominum sunt ista, non temporum. Nulla aetas vacavit a culpa. Seneca Epistulae Morales XCVII You probably wouldnt be reading this Ancient/Classical History feature if you thought classical culture should be confined to museums and dusty tomes. But taking the next step, reading the classics in the original, demands commitment and can take years. Latin Grammar is the Best Grounding for Education Unlike their parents, your school-aged children have time to devote to acquiring a skill that will last them a lifetime. But why should they learn Latin? Dorothy Sayers says it best: I will say at once, quite firmly, that the best grounding for education is the Latin grammar. I say this not because Latin is traditional and medieval, but simply because even a rudimentary knowledge of Latin cuts down the labor and pains of learning almost any other subject by at least 50 percent. From the National Review. Latin Helps With English Grammar While neither the language nor grammar of English derives from Latin, many of our grammatical rules do. For instance, since you CANT have a dangling preposition in Latin, certain purists consider it bad form in English. Latin Makes You More Careful in English In Latin, you have more to worry about than whether a plural pronoun refers to a singular noun (as in the politically correct - grammatically incorrect: each student has their own workbook). In Latin, there are 7 cases with which not only pronouns  but adjectives - not to mention verbs -   must agree. Learning such rules makes the student careful in English. But more important is the fact that traditional study of Latin starts out with a grammatical framework... As American students begin Latin, they become acquainted with the Latin grammar system, which they can indirectly transfer to their work in English. What it gives them is a standardized set of terms in which to describe words in relations to other words in sentences, and it is this grammatical awareness which makes their English writing good.William Harris Latin Helps You Maximize SAT scores This sells Latin programs. Through Latin, test takers can guess at the meanings of new words because they already know the roots and prefixes. But its not just enhanced vocabulary. Math scores also increase. Latin Increases Accuracy This may be due to the increased accuracy Professor Emeritus William Harris notes:​ From another point of view, the study of Latin does foster precision in the use of words. Since one reads Latin closely and carefully, often word by word, this focuses the students mind on individual words and their usage. It has been noticed that people who have studied Latin in school usually write quite good English prose. There may be a certain amount of stylistic imitation involved, but more important is the habit of reading closely and following important texts with accuracy.

Crime Scene Investigators in Law Enforcement Research Paper

Crime Scene Investigators in Law Enforcement - Research Paper Example Crime Scene Investigator The scene where the crime occurred is an imperative aspect in the entire process of investigation. The site contains the core evidence which enables law enforces piece together the evidence amassed from other locations. The evidence gathered from the scene may at times require processing. These investigators undertake various tasks which include classifying and analyzing the evidence. Therefore, the crime scene investigator may require an assortment of skills and knowledge to undertake their tasks. These investigators should have relevant qualifications in the scientific field such as forensics. The knowledge and skill impacted in such a programme will be vital for these investigators. CSI teams should be the first to arrive at the scene. This will ensure that the evidence gathered is apposite. Additionally, there may be people intentionally or unintentionally attempting to distort the scene to frustrate the investigations. These investigators should show urg ency in their arrival at the crime scene. Some crimes entail interviewing the persons that were around the scene when incidence happened. Therefore, the investigator should have appropriate skills that will enable them gather the right information in relation to the crime. Additionally, there should have the capacity to discern the flawed and correct evidence. The investigators should consequently connect the events that occurred in a chronological manner. Crime scene investigators are an imperative constituent of the disciplined forces (Dutelle, 2011). Importance of a CSI team This team makes a crucial contribution in resolving crime since it amasses the initial evidence. The initial evidence forms the basis on which the investigator can follow up the case. It provides the investigator with vital hints on what avenue to pursue in order to resolve the crime. The initial evidence shows when and how the crime happened. Consequently, the team vested with the authority of gathering such evidence contributes considerably to resolution of the crime. With the massive advancements in technology, criminals are utilizing sophisticated methods that leave minimal traces. Consequently, it is vital that there is a CSI team which has the knack to retrieve evidence in sophisticated crimes. The ordinary law enforcer may lack the ability to see some minor details which would provide subsequent investigators with clues on what measures to undertake. The CSI team also processes evidence. The processing of evidence may include DNA analysis and matching of fingerprints. Such evidence is extremely vital in homicides and thefts. However, the effectiveness depends on the legal framework provided and the police force procedures. Some of these laws may create bureaucratic procedures that limit the efficacy of CSI teams. The evidence provided by these teams forms the basis of prosecution and enables lawmakers to charge an offender with charge based on the evidence available. CSI team arr ives at the crime scene earlier on and assists other investigators in stitching together the events that occurred leading to the crime. Most CSI team acts as the custodian of the evidence amassed. Some CSI members specialize in photographic analysis which assists in facial recognition of criminal or victims. Owing to their understanding of the events which transpired, then members of CSI teams are present at court trials. Therefore, CSI teams do not only partake in investigations, but